* The increase in the price of the commodity is due to many factors
* CAMA successfully championed for government to remove VAT from cooking oil in 2015 prices to go down
* But within six month acts after VAT was removed, prices of the commodity still increased
* Manufacturers enjoy tax for industrial materials that exempt them from paying import duty such as crude oil
By Duncan Mlanjira
Consumer Association of Malawi (CAMA), in collaboration with Malawi Revenue Authority (MRA), says manufacturers should not continue to attribute that the current price increase of refined cooking oil is due to the 16.5% value added tax (VAT) which government re-introduced last year.
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At a press conference held at College of Medicine Sports Complex in Blantyre on Wednesday — which was also attended by representative of the soon-to-be registered cooking oil manufacturers association — CAMA executive director John Kapito said according to their findings, the increase in the price of the commodity is due to many factors.
Kapito made a presentation of the prices on three brands of cooking oil as of February since the VAT was effected that showed a 38% increase for a 5 litre bottle that was at K5,400 before VAT but it was adjusted to K7,438.
Kapito stressing his point during the press briefing
A 2ltr bottle went up from K2,100 to K2,999 (representing an increase of 43%); 1ltr from K950 to K1,550 (63%) and 500mls from K520 to K790 (52%).
For Kukoma, produced by Capital Oil Refinery Industries (CORI), 5ltr bottle increased from K5,700 to K7,735 (36%); 2ltr bottle from K2,400 to K3,135 (11%) and 1ltr from K1,500 to K1,627 (8%) and 500mls from K620 to K858 (38%).
Sungold 5ltr bottle increased from K6,200 to K6,999 (13%); 2ltr bottle from K2,700 to K2,999 (31%) and 1ltr from K1,450 to K1,500 (3%).
Presenting the figures
Kapito said in 2015, CAMA successfully championed for government to remove VAT from cooking oil with the intention that prices can go down for the rural masses to afford the commodity, which is enhanced with Vitamin A.
“But within six month acts after VAT was removed, prices of the commodity still increased — which showed that other factors played a hand since most of the manufacturers actually just import crude oil and just refine it.
“The price increase should not be justified that it’s coming from the VAT because if it was then it should have been at 1.6%. But here we see increase of 52% for Mulanje and 38% for Kukoma just for a 500 liter bottle,” Kapito said.
The manufacturers arguing with Kapito
He said he was surprised it was the manufacturers themselves who are concerned with the inclusion of VAT when it should have been the consumer — who is the one paying the VAT while the manufacturers are just facilitating the process.
He said manufacturers claim the VAT they pay for the customers, which is calculated from the projected sale of the project after the cost of the raw material.
MRA Head of Corporate Affairs, Steven Kapoloma agreed with Kapito, saying the prices of cooking oil shouldn’t have gone up that much because of VAT but could have been as low as 10%.
MRA’s Kapoloma adding credence to Kapito’s stance
He disclosed that manufacturers — including those in the cooking oil business — enjoy tax for industrial materials that exempt them from paying import duty such as the crude oil.
In her presentation, representative of the manufacturers, Mrs. Patel of CORI, while strongly maintaining that VAT played a hand, however contradicted herself by disclosing that cooking oil smuggling from neighbouring countries also affected their business.
She asked the authorities to take strong measures against the smuggling trade along the neighbouring borders which she claimed to have increased due to the inclusion of VAT on cooking oil.
Patel, the manufacturers’ representative
She said the smuggled commodity is lower in price and thus consumers opt for it than their own products, whose volumes she claims have drastically declined.
But Kapoloma also disputed this, saying their fight against smuggling of any commodity is their priority and that they have dedicated patrol units that are plying along the borders of Mozambique operating from Muloza in Mulanje.
Kapoloma said since they intensified the patrols, they have intercepted lots of smugglers and confiscated many tonnes of cooking oil.
While the manufacturers maintained their stance that VAT has contributed to the price increase of cooking oil, both Kapito and Kapoloma also firmly stood their ground to dispute this assertion as according to the figures which the manufacturers did not dispute.
The manufacturers also disclosed that globally the price of crude oil has increased and thus they too had to follow suit — to which both Kapito and Kapoloma attributed as having played a huge part in the products prices and not VAT as claimed.
“Let’s agree here that VAT has nothing to do with the price increase — there are many factors and that include the global trends on crude oil which you have told us here,” Kapito said.
Finance Minister Felix Mlusu
In his 2021 National Budget presentation in Parliament last September, Finance Minister Felix Mlusu had said cooking oil manufacturers need not raise prices of their commodities since tax measures will enable them to claim input VAT when one purchases goods or services liable to VAT.
But when the manufacturers still increased the prices, they lobbied to the Finance Minister through a letter dated September 14 to review or withdraw the VAT as it might trigger serious negative multiplier effects in the economy.
Edible Cooking Oil Association of Malawi, a grouping of five manufacturers, also argued that if the price of the products was to be incrased, it will allow room for massive smuggling of the product from neighboring Mozambique, Zambia and Zimbabwe where there is no VAT applied on it.
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Initially, CAMA had joined the condemnation of the tax measure believing it was indeed through the re-introduction of VAT until now when the consumer watchdog did its own analysis — in which it has agreed with the Finance Minister.
In his Budget presentation in Parliament, Minister Mlusu had said the introduction of the standard rate of 16.5% VAT on refined cooking oil was to ensure efficiency in the VAT system — taking cognizance that previously the commodity was VAT exempt and manufacturers were not able to claim tax refunds on their input VAT.
“This measure will now allow manufacturers to claim input VAT,” he had said. “I wish to inform this august House that local manufacturers of refined cooking oil continue to benefit under the Industrial Rebate Scheme where raw materials are imported without payment of duty.
Smuggled cooking oil
“In addition, under the Surcharge Tariff regime, the local manufacturers are protected from adverse competition. In this regard, arbitrary price increases especially by local manufacturers reflecting the full VAT adjustment on the refined cooking oil is not expected.”
According to Senior sources in MRA, when manufacturers buy their raw materials to produce the cooking oil, they pay VAT — “which is their input VAT and when they sell their products they charge VAT — that is their output VAT.
“The input VAT and the output VAT can only be netted off if there is VAT on the product. In that regard since there is claiming of the input VAT it does not become a cost to the manufacturer.
“Prices should, therefore, not have been affected in any way. In fact, they should have gone down.”
When asked that if the input VAT can be claimed, why then was it factored as a tax measure in the first place instead of just letting it as it was, our source contended that “as a tax measure, it needed a change in the substantive VAT law and Parliament had to come in”.
